Environment Variables and Secrets Management

Proper secrets management prevents data breaches. This guide covers handling configuration and sensitive data securely.

Environment Variables Basics#

Loading Environment Variables#

Type-Safe Environment Variables#

Next.js Environment Variables#

Secrets Managers#

AWS Secrets Manager#

HashiCorp Vault#

Google Secret Manager#

CI/CD Secrets#

GitHub Actions#

Environment-Specific Secrets#

Docker Secrets#

Docker Compose#

Reading Secret Files#

Kubernetes Secrets#

Best Practices#

Never Commit Secrets#

Use Different Secrets Per Environment#

Rotate Secrets Regularly#

Audit Secret Access#

What NOT to Do#

Conclusion#

Use environment variables for configuration, secrets managers for production secrets, and never commit sensitive data. Implement type-safe validation, rotate credentials regularly, and audit access to sensitive data.