Streams are Node.js's way of handling data piece by piece, enabling efficient processing of large files and real-time data. Here's how to use them.
Stream Types
Reading Files with Streams
Writing Files with Streams
Piping Streams
Pipeline with Error Handling
Custom Readable Stream
Custom Writable Stream
Transform Streams
Object Mode Streams
Duplex Streams
HTTP Streaming
Stream Composition
Async Iteration
Backpressure Handling
Memory-Efficient Processing
Best Practices
Performance:
✓ Use streams for large files
✓ Set appropriate highWaterMark
✓ Handle backpressure
✓ Use pipeline for error handling
Error Handling:
✓ Always handle 'error' events
✓ Use pipeline/promises
✓ Clean up resources
✓ Handle stream destruction
Patterns:
✓ Pipe for simple cases
✓ Pipeline for complex chains
✓ Object mode for structured data
✓ Async iteration for simplicity
Avoid:
✗ Loading large files into memory
✗ Ignoring backpressure
✗ Missing error handlers
✗ Not ending streams properly
Conclusion
Node.js streams enable efficient processing of large data sets by handling data in chunks. Use readable streams for data sources, writable streams for destinations, and transform streams for data manipulation. Always use pipeline for proper error handling and cleanup, and be mindful of backpressure when processing data faster than it can be written.