Responsive design ensures your site works across all devices. Here are modern patterns for building flexible layouts.
Mobile-First Approach
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Flexbox Patterns
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CSS Grid Patterns
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Container Queries
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Fluid Typography
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Responsive Images
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Responsive Tables
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Breakpoint System
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Best Practices
Approach:
✓ Start mobile-first
✓ Use relative units (rem, em, %)
✓ Leverage flexbox and grid
✓ Use clamp() for fluid sizing
Testing:
✓ Test on real devices
✓ Use browser dev tools
✓ Check touch targets (44px+)
✓ Verify content reflow
Performance:
✓ Optimize images
✓ Use responsive images
✓ Minimize layout shifts
✓ Consider container queries
Conclusion
Modern CSS provides powerful tools for responsive design. Use flexbox for one-dimensional layouts, grid for two-dimensional layouts, and container queries for component-level responsiveness. Fluid typography with clamp() reduces breakpoint management and creates smoother scaling.