Good error handling makes code robust and debuggable. Here's how to handle errors elegantly in TypeScript.
Custom Error Classes
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Result Type Pattern
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Option/Maybe Type
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Try-Catch Utilities
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Error Boundary Pattern
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Assertion Functions
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Error Aggregation
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Best Practices
Design:
✓ Use custom error classes
✓ Consider Result types for expected failures
✓ Make errors descriptive
✓ Include error codes
Handling:
✓ Catch at appropriate levels
✓ Log with context
✓ Don't swallow errors silently
✓ Transform errors for different layers
TypeScript:
✓ Use type guards
✓ Leverage discriminated unions
✓ Use assertion functions
✓ Handle unknown type properly
Conclusion
TypeScript enables robust error handling patterns. Use custom error classes for operational errors, Result types for expected failures, and proper type guards for safe error handling. Choose patterns based on whether errors are expected or exceptional.