Asynchronous code is essential for JavaScript, but it can quickly become messy. Here are patterns for writing clean, maintainable async code.
Promises Fundamentals#
Async/Await Best Practices#
Error Handling#
Concurrency Control#
Retry Pattern#
Timeout Pattern#
Async Iteration#
Queue Pattern#
Best Practices#
General:
✓ Use async/await over .then()
✓ Handle errors at appropriate levels
✓ Use Promise.all for parallel operations
✓ Avoid mixing callbacks and promises
Performance:
✓ Parallelize independent operations
✓ Limit concurrency for external APIs
✓ Implement timeouts
✓ Use streaming for large data
Error Handling:
✓ Use custom error types
✓ Include context in errors
✓ Implement retry for transient failures
✓ Log errors with stack traces
Conclusion#
Clean async code requires intentional patterns. Use async/await for readability, Promise.all for parallelization, and implement proper error handling, retries, and timeouts. These patterns make async code maintainable and robust.