XSS attacks inject malicious scripts into web pages. Here's how to prevent them.
Types of XSS
1. Reflected XSS
URL: example.com/search?q=<script>alert('xss')</script>
Server reflects input directly in response
2. Stored XSS
Attacker stores payload in database
All users viewing the content execute the script
3. DOM-based XSS
Client-side JavaScript processes untrusted data
Never reaches the server
React Auto-Escaping
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URL Handling
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Server-Side Encoding
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DOM Manipulation Safety
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Input Sanitization
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Content Security Policy
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HTTP-Only Cookies
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Template Engines
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Testing for XSS
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Combine output encoding, input sanitization, and CSP for defense in depth.